Organizational Behavior And Communication Paper free essay sample

Southwest Airlines Organizational Behavior Communication Paper Erica Sepulveda Communications for Accountants/Com 530 January 30, 2012 Southwest Airlines Organizational Behavior Communication Paper Airlines, for example, Southwest Airlines, endeavor to give the best client care that they can offer to keep their clients glad. An imminent Southwest traveler may most likely reserve their spot by calling the client care number, signing on to the company’s site, or booking at an air terminal with a Southwest Airlines operator. The workers that help these forthcoming and real travelers are viewed as the foundation of the organization and give a valiant effort to speak to Southwest in the best manner conceivable. One may address, what satisfies these workers? What sort of association culture would they say they are encircled by regularly? â€Å"A solid hierarchical culture gives soundness to an organization† (Robbins Judge. , 2011, pg. 520). Culture of Southwest Airlines As indicated by Southwest Airlines statement of purpose, â€Å"Employees will be given a similar concern, regard, and caring disposition inside the association that they are required to share remotely with each Southwest Customer† (Southwest Airlines, 2012). We will compose a custom paper test on Authoritative Behavior And Communication Paper or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page This certainly gives a positive indication that most of representatives working for this company are glad. As a jobless individual searching for work, a situation inside Southwest is the place they would need to be. It’s obvious that this organization esteems their workers and endeavors to keep them cheerful. Cheerful Employees = Happy Customers. Glad Customers keep Southwest flying† (Southwest Airline, 2012). As of late, Southwest Airlines was respected as perhaps the best organization to work for. â€Å"Southwest Airlines (NYSE: LUV)has been perceived as one of the best 50 Best Places to Work, a critical accomplishment, as about 150,000 organizations are evaluated by their representatives on Glassdoor† (PR Newswire, 2011). This point positively demonstrates that this organization’s upheld values line up with its authorized qualities. Correspondence Roles inside Southwest Airlines Company An organization’s culture assumes a basic job in the manner correspondence is done all through the organization. Southwest aircrafts, for instance is an immense organization with a huge number of representatives. One would figure that correspondence inside this association adopts even more a virtual strategy. In any case, since they are an immense organization, doesn’t imply that correspondence with others or the voices of the board won’t be easygoing. As Kelleher, CEO of Southwest, said himself: â€Å"Theres a ton being said about the significance of correspondence, for example. In any case, it cannot be inflexible; it cannot be formal. It needs to continue legitimately from the heart. It must be unconstrained; it must be between people seeing each other on the elevator† (Lee, 1994). This relates to the way of life of the association that Kelleher strives to keep up. As a CEO who esteems his representatives, we see here that he’s not hesitant to show how he is and the amount he puts stock in making the condition an upbeat and agreeable one for his workers. Discernments Within Southwest Airlines Let’s consider a worker of one of Southwest contenders wishing that they worked for this aircraft rather than their present manager. Hearing all the awesome anecdotes about working for this organization and how glad everybody is drives this worker to feel that he/she is working for an inappropriate organization. The recognition here is that a representative at Southwest is more joyful than a worker working for the contender. Robbins Judge characterizes Perceptions as, â€Å"a process by which people sort out and decipher their tactile impressions so as to offer significance to their environment† (Robbins Judge, 2011. g 168). Moreover, they notice that what we see may not be what the circumstance really ends up being. Understanding data or tuning in to others bluster about how magnificent the way of life is inside an organization doesn’t essentially mean its all great. While representatives might be more joyful than hopeless working for Southwest, I exceptionally question that there aren’t challenges that are looked now and again in their positions. Research has demonstrated that Southwest Airlines embraced values reflects their instituted qualities. Nonetheless, assume it didn’t. What occurs if the impression of their way of life, correspondence and workplace is supposed to be â€Å"peachy†, anyway it truly isn’t? Assume representatives were extremely despondent and the statement of purpose of Southwest truly wasn’t followed in the manner they work their association. This prompts awful discernments, alongside potential workers clients accepting that this association is voicing something that it’s not. This is a case of how misalignment between upheld values and established qualities would influence recognitions inside Southwest Airlines association. Strife inside Southwest Airlines Conflict is another significant theme that ought to be considered in associations like Southwest Airlines. â€Å"Conflict results from contrasts between bunch individuals contrasts in character, discernment, data, culture, and power or influence† (Beebe Masterson, 2009. , pg 152). Struggle is something that each organization and individual arrangement with sooner or later in time. While a few people may see clashes as a terrible thing, in reality and relying upon the circumstances in question, the contention might be seen as an incredible learning experience. Southwest Airlines see clashes as an approach to reinforce and construct connections (Gittel, 2003, Chapter 8). The people that are at first engaged with the contentions should initially attempt to go to an understanding. It’s best to ensure that the contention isn’t over a misconception or something that’s not an issue. On the off chance that an understanding or goals can’t be settled upon, it might be astute to get the other individual from the group or gathering included. â€Å"When clashes emerge at Southwest and are not settled by the gatherings themselves, a compromise procedure is used† (Gittel, 2003, Chapter 8). Getting others included will probably help decide why there is a contradiction and some way or another discover the goals that the gatherings couldn’t come to all alone. Southwest Airlines is one the most prosperous aircrafts in the US today. Huge numbers of different Airlines attempt to utilize the techniques that Southwest utilizes to stay with their, staff and representatives on favorable terms. â€Å"The strategic Southwest Airlines is commitment to the highest caliber of Customer Service conveyed with a feeling of warmth, kind disposition, singular pride, and Company Spirit†.

Biblia Essay Example For Students

Biblia Essay Durante 2500 anos, desde o incio da criao at Moiss, no havia nothing escrito. As mensagens de Deus eram transmitidas de pai para filho de modo oral. A partir de Moiss, Deus achou que period hora de documentar as mensagens e assim se iniciou o ciclo dos profetas escritores. 1. O Hebraico bblico um ramo da antiga lngua semita falada pelos hebreus e pelos nativos de Cana.2. uma lngua simples. A maior parte de suas palavras bsicas contm trs consoantes, tornando as sentenas hebraicas pequenas e objetivas.3. O hebraico torna a poesia do Antigo Testamento vvida, expressiva e bela (Idem) O salmo 23 composto por apenas 57 palavras em hebraico. O mesmo Salmo contm 107 palavras em portugusA linguagem hebraica foi cultivada como a mais sagrada lngua no mundo. Um esprito de devoo foi acariciado. No apenas foi ensinado aos estudantes o dever de orar, mas eles eram ensinados como orar, como se aproximar de seu Criador, como exercitar f nEle e como compreender e obedecer os ensinos de Seu Espirito. Intelectos santificados trouxeram da casa do tesouro de Deus coisas novas e velhas.4. O hebraico antigo considerado a lngua mais compreensvel para transmitir a mensagem de Deus atravs de Seus profetas, ao rhythm em que o Antigo Testamento foi escrito.II REIS 18:26 E 28| LNG UA JUDAICAISAAS 19:18| LNGUA DE CANA. A maior parte do Antigo Testamento foi escrita do hebraico antigo, enquanto umas poucas partes foram escritas em Aramaico. O aramaico, uma lngua relacionada muito de perto com o hebraico, time a lngua dos arameus, que viviam principalmente na Mesopotamia e na Sria.A) O uso da lngua aramaica no mundo1. Por ser uma lngua simples e fcil de se aprender, os babilnios e os Assrios, grandes potncias de seus dias adotaram-na. 2. Operating system persas que conquistaram babilnia adotaram o aramaico como lngua oficial do imprio. 3. Quando os judeus foram levados para Babilnia durante os 70 anos de cativeiro, tambm adotaram o aramaico em lugar do hebraico. 4. Ao rhythm em que Cristo esteve na Palestina, o aramaico period a lngua materna dos palestinos. A Bblia ainda time lida em hebraico no culto da sinagoga, ao rhythm de Cristo, mas muitas pessoas, especialmente as mulheres, no a podiam compreender. Tornou-se costumeiro, portanto, que os leitores das sinagogas traduzissem os versos bblicos para o aramaico. Mais tarde foram feitas tradues escritas do Antigo Testamento para o aramaico os chamados Targums. O hebraico falado tinha ficado obsoleto em grande medida nos rhythms pr-cristos. O aramaico foi mantido vivo continuamente como lngua falada at o presente, e ainda usado em certas partes do Oriente Prximo, onde conhecido como siraco.5. Em Jerusalm, mesmo bets dos grandes cativeiros, os mais estudados falavam aramaico fluentemente. Exemplo: Quando Rabsaqu, o emissrio do rei da Assria veio Jerusalm, os altos funcionrios de Ezequias pediram que eles falassem em aramaico para eles.(leia isto em II Reis 18:26)B) O uso do aramaico no texto sagrado1. A primeira vez que uma palavra aramaica usada na Bblia foi usada por Labo quando fez um p acto de fidelidade com Jac. Para expressar o conceito: Monte de pedra de testemunho, Labo usou a palavra aramaica (Jegar-Sahadutha) e Jac usou a palavra hebraica (Galeed )2. Quando Daniel foi apresentado diante de Nabucodonozor para interpretar o sonho da grande esttua que representava a histria dos quatro grandes imprios, ele comeou a falar em aramaico no top. 2: 4 e continuou an escrever seu livro em aramaico at o top. 7:28. 3. Jesus fez uso continuamente do aramaico. PALAVRAS DE JESUS EM ARAMAICO | SIGNIFICADOTalata Cumi Marcos 5:41| Menina, a ti Te digo: levanta-teEli Eli Lam Sabactani MAR.15:34 | Deus meu, Deus meu porque me desamparaste?Desde os primrdios os israelitas davam muita ateno a questo da educao.Tanto na escola como no lar, muitos dos ensinos eram feitos de maneira oral, mas os jovens tambm aprendiam a ler os escritos hebraicos; e os rolos de pergaminhos das escrituras do Antigo Testamento eram abertos para seu estudo.III PARTE O GREGO DO NOVO TESTAMENTOQuando o 3 imprio mundial liderado por Alexandre, o grande, teve incio em 331 AC, a cultura e a lngua grega se espalharam pela maior parte da rea do Mediterrneo e do Oriente Mdio. 1. Um fato interessante que os romanos foram vencedores sobre os gregos, subjugaram os gregos, impuseram o domnio romano com mo de ferro, mas tiveram que engolir a lngua dos gregos. 2. O grego foi adotado no Imprio romano como a lngua all inclusive. Business morals issues in the film Boiler room EssayA concluso que cerca de 90% da populao mundial podem ler a Bblia em sua prpria lngua, idioma ou dialeto. C) Qual a melhor traduo em Portugus? difcil dizer qual a melhor traduo sem saber para que, ou qual o objetivo da pergunta. 1. Alguns dizem que a traduo Verso Almeida Revista e Corrigida a mais autntica e tem maior autoridade. Exemplos de alguns vocbulos usados pela Almeida Revista e Corrigida que no se usam mais hoje:Eira que quer dizer uma rea onde se malha o oat. (Rute 3:2) Pez que quer dizer betume. (Isaas 34:9) Rubicundo que quer dizer pessoa muito corada.(Cantares 5:10) Tamargueira que significa um Arbusto nativo da frica.(Jeremias 17:6) Sambuca que significa uma pequena harpa triangular. (Dan. 3:5) 2. Outros estudiosos dizem que a Verso Almeida Revista e Atualizada tem uma melhor linguagem. A linguagem foi muito melhorada, e no restam dvidas de que nesta reviso foram usados manuscritos gregos dos melhores, muito superiores aos .que an Almeida tinha sua frente para usar na traduo unique que fez.3. A Bblia na Linguagem de Hoje e a Bblia Viva que so parfrases, incorporam muitos dos conceitos e preconceitos de seus tradutores. So timas para estudo devocional. 4. As tradues que so mais fiis ao texto unique, so melhores para estudos doutrinrios. Em resumo, a melhor traduo aquela que atende a sua necessidade. Vi que Deus havia de uma maneira particular guardado a Bblia, ainda quando da mesma existiam poucos exemplares; e homens doutos nalguns casos mudaram as palavras, achando que an estavam tornando mais compreensvel, quando na realidade estavam mistificando aquilo que period claro, fazendo-as apoiar suas estabelecidas opinies, que eram determinadas pela tradio. Vi, porm, que a Palavra de Deus, como um todo, uma cadeia perfeita, prendendo-se uma parte outra, e explicando-se mutuamente. For example White, Primeiros Escritos pgs. 221 e 222. Nosso Salvador, atravs da inspirao proclama: Vi outro anjo voando pelo meio do Cu, tendo um evangelho eterno para pregar aos que se assentam sobre a land, e a cada nao, e tribo, e lngua, e povo. (Apc. 14:6)1. Desde a Torre de Babel, tem havido uma surpreendente multiplicao de lnguas no mundo todo. 2. Este fato um grande desafio para a proclamao do Evangelho eterno. 3. As lnguas tambm so dinmicas e esto em constantes mudanas. Isto mais um desafio. Uma menina pintou um quadro da fuga de Jesus ao Egito. Ela desenhou um avio com quatro cabeas aparecendo nas janelas. Que cabeas so estas, perguntou a divertida professora. Esta Maria. Esta outra o pequeno Jesus. E este Jos. Respondeu a pequena desenhista. E quem est na cabine, perguntou a professora. Ok, este Pncio, o Piloto!Veja como est histria destaca a necessidade de tradues corretas das Escrituras Sagradas. B) O conselho de Paulo : Voc deve manejar bem a Palavra da Verdade. 1. Isto mostra que devemos buscar o melhor que pudermos em termos de estudo, pesquisa, tradues, refrains and so forth. Na publicao de A CINCIA DO BOM VIVER, em 1905, Ellen White usou oito textos da verso English Revised Version e 55 da American Revised Version. W.C. White, escreveu: Quando o oitavo volume de Testemonies for the Church foi publicado e pareceu desejvel fazer algumas citaes mais longas dos Salmos, foi dito irm White que a Revised Version dos Salmos time prefervel. Ela levou muito a srio esse conselho e nos instruiu a usar a Revised Version Ministry, Abril de 1947. Cremos que em nossa Ptria, estamos muito bem servidos de tradues, diversas stanzas e parfrases que nos ajudam a pesquisar melhor a Palavra de Deus e aplic-la para nosso crescimento espiritual. Como as fontes variam em qualidade e exatido. Book reference:

Who is Matt COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Who is Matt COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog If you have been reading this blog you will notice that in every entry thus far the author is listed as Matt.   A kind person recently emailed a comment about the blog and indicated they did not know who Matt is.   I guess I never really introduced myself formally on the blog. My name is Matt Clemons.   My Mom is really the only one who calls me Matthew but I respond to either name.   I am the Director of Admissions and Financial Aid.   I was born and raised in Portland, Oregon and in addition to living in New York City have lived in Pusan, South Korea and Santa Clara, California.   What would I be doing if I was not typing this?   I would be riding my bike.   I am an avid cyclist and ride my bike to and from work every day.   I absolutely love my job and higher education in general. Why should you heed the advice I put on the blog other than the fact that I work at SIPA?   Well, I have been working in higher education since George H.W. Bush was in office, but perhaps of more relevance to you is the fact that I obtained a professional graduate degree and borrowed money and received free money to do so.     So the advice I give is based not only on my work experience, but on my personal experience as a student.   Also of note is that I enrolled in my graduate program at age 28, very close to the average age of a new SIPA student. I will not bore you with other details about me, but I will share a quick personal story that is always on my mind this time of year.   This is a tough time of year for me because not all admission decisions can be favorable.   It is tough to deny applicants that really have their heart set on something.   That is where my story comes in . . . Many, many years ago when I was a senior in college (and the walk to classes was uphill both ways) I knew that I wanted to get out of the U.S. for a while after graduating.   I had my heart set on the Peace Corps and enthusiastically submitted my application.   A few months later I got a letter in the mail telling me a story many people hear this time of year: it was a very qualified and deep pool and I did not make the cut.   It was very hard news for me to hear at the time, but looking back, it was the best thing that ever happened to me. I still wanted to go overseas so I applied for English teaching jobs in several countries and ended up taking a job in Pusan, South Korea.   I not only had a wonderful time in Korea, I met my wife while teaching.   Looking back, I could not be more thankful that the Peace Corps letter was not the one I was looking for, even though at the time I received it I was dismayed. I tell this story because it is not easy for me to sign off on deny letters and I always hope that people realize that life is full twists and turns.   We often grapple to understand why things often do not turn out the way we want them to, only later to realize that difficult news opened doors we were later happy to walk through.   Many of you will receive offers of admission and you will come to SIPA and do wonderful things.   I have no doubt that those who do not come to SIPA will also go on to do wonderful things to help make the world a better place. So, I am the man behind the blog and that is a little bit about me and what is on my mind this time of year.   Back to reading . . . and no, decisions have not started to out yet more on that next week so stay tuned.

Who is Matt COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Who is Matt COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog If you have been reading this blog you will notice that in every entry thus far the author is listed as Matt.   A kind person recently emailed a comment about the blog and indicated they did not know who Matt is.   I guess I never really introduced myself formally on the blog. My name is Matt Clemons.   My Mom is really the only one who calls me Matthew but I respond to either name.   I am the Director of Admissions and Financial Aid.   I was born and raised in Portland, Oregon and in addition to living in New York City have lived in Pusan, South Korea and Santa Clara, California.   What would I be doing if I was not typing this?   I would be riding my bike.   I am an avid cyclist and ride my bike to and from work every day.   I absolutely love my job and higher education in general. Why should you heed the advice I put on the blog other than the fact that I work at SIPA?   Well, I have been working in higher education since George H.W. Bush was in office, but perhaps of more relevance to you is the fact that I obtained a professional graduate degree and borrowed money and received free money to do so.     So the advice I give is based not only on my work experience, but on my personal experience as a student.   Also of note is that I enrolled in my graduate program at age 28, very close to the average age of a new SIPA student. I will not bore you with other details about me, but I will share a quick personal story that is always on my mind this time of year.   This is a tough time of year for me because not all admission decisions can be favorable.   It is tough to deny applicants that really have their heart set on something.   That is where my story comes in . . . Many, many years ago when I was a senior in college (and the walk to classes was uphill both ways) I knew that I wanted to get out of the U.S. for a while after graduating.   I had my heart set on the Peace Corps and enthusiastically submitted my application.   A few months later I got a letter in the mail telling me a story many people hear this time of year: it was a very qualified and deep pool and I did not make the cut.   It was very hard news for me to hear at the time, but looking back, it was the best thing that ever happened to me. I still wanted to go overseas so I applied for English teaching jobs in several countries and ended up taking a job in Pusan, South Korea.   I not only had a wonderful time in Korea, I met my wife while teaching.   Looking back, I could not be more thankful that the Peace Corps letter was not the one I was looking for, even though at the time I received it I was dismayed. I tell this story because it is not easy for me to sign off on deny letters and I always hope that people realize that life is full twists and turns.   We often grapple to understand why things often do not turn out the way we want them to, only later to realize that difficult news opened doors we were later happy to walk through.   Many of you will receive offers of admission and you will come to SIPA and do wonderful things.   I have no doubt that those who do not come to SIPA will also go on to do wonderful things to help make the world a better place. So, I am the man behind the blog and that is a little bit about me and what is on my mind this time of year.   Back to reading . . . and no, decisions have not started to out yet more on that next week so stay tuned.

Research Paper Inside The Outsiders - Free Essay Example

Social classes are defined as a status hierarchy in which individuals and groups are classified on the basis of esteem, prestige, wealth, income, education, occupation, and social network. Social class, measured by socioeconomic status, affects all aspects of ones life. Having a high socioeconomic status can bring a multitude of opportunities that people of lower status will probably never get. In ideal world, everyone would be of equal status and there would be no more poverty. However, according to the United States Census Bureau, there were over 40 million people that have been living in poverty in 2016. Poverty is a reality and people have had to adapt to to their socioeconomic status. The Outsiders, by SE. Hinton, can be used to show how socioeconomic status affects the lives of teenager and how they adapt to their circumstances. In The Outsiders, Ponyboy, our 14 year old main character, narrates two weeks of his life with the purpose of telling the story of his best friends death. One of the main themes of the book is a class struggle. In this small rural town, there is a class rivalry between the greasers, the poor east side kids, and the Socs, the west side rich kids. This rivalry has had many consequences and both sides suffered. Although The Outsiders, was written decades ago, the class inequality and mistreatment of the poor still persists. The Outsiders can aid in our understanding the effects of being in low social class and how the characters have had to adapt to and rise above their circumstances and societys injustices. The story begins with Ponyboy walking out of the movie theaters with two things on his mind: Paul Newman and a ride home. It wasnt safe for greasers to walk alone because theyll get jumped, or someone will come by and scream Greaser! at them, which doesnt make you feel too hot, [Greasers] get jumped by the Socs. [Hinton 4] Although it was a long walk between his house and the theater, he decided to lone it because he enjoys going to the movies undisturbed by others. However this was not the greatest of ideas seeing that a red Corvair, which only Socs could afford, began to trail him. Five Socs got out the car and They walked around slowly, silently, smiling. Hey, grease, one said in an over-friendly voice. Were gonna do you a favor, greaser. Were gonna cut all that long greasy hair off. [Hinton] Eventually Ponyboys brothers and their group of friends scared the Socs off. This incident sets the tone for the rest of the story because it shows that the groups didnt need any provocation to become aggressive towards each other. In this town, being of a low socioeconomic status can put one in a very dangerous situation. Ponyboy was doing what any other teenager would do and went to enjoy a movie. However because he is a greaser, he got jumped on his walk home for no reason other than being poor. His older brother and guardian Darry then begun to scold him for walking alone without a switchblade as if it was Ponyboys fault for getting jumped. Then his other brother, Soda, pointed out It aint his fault he likes to go to the movies, and it aint his fault the Socs like to jump us, and if he had been carrying a blade it would have been a good excuse to cut him to ribbons. [Hinton] Greasers cant walk alone too much because they will get jumped but they coped with their situation by carrying weapons and traveling in groups. If Ponyboy had thought about it, I could have called Darry and he would have come by on his way home and picked me up, or Two-Bit Mathews one of our gang would have come to get me in his car if I had asked him, but sometimes I just dont use my head. Greasers are subjected to violence and aggression due to their social standing but they have adapted to their circumstances.

Researh of Galileo Galilei Essay - 573 Words

Researh of Galileo Galilei The Italian physicist was born is Pisa on 15 February 1564 (see appendix B). He was the first of seven children. Galileo was educated by a tutor and his father, a nobleman and well known for musical studies. At the age of 11 he was sent to a local monastery where he, like other children of noble people studied Greek, Latin, religion and music. Following his fathers wish, he continued his education, at the age of 17 he enrolled as a student of medicine at the University of Pisa in 1581. He showed little interest in medicine, it was at this time when mathematics captured his attention. It was around one year after enrolling at the University of Pisa, he made the legendary discovery of the movement of†¦show more content†¦He was offered a lifetime professorship at the University of Padua, he declined the offer, he later resigned and returned to Florence. Some theologians claimed that Copernicus, and therefore Galileo, was conflicting with the bible and the doctrines of the church about the order of creation. He was told to teach his findings only as theory not as truth. In 1615, Galileos book about his findings was banned by the church. Galileo remained quiet for a few years until he published his next book, which compared the two models of the universe, although Galileo carefully presented the various claims in theoretical terms it was apparent he believed the Ptolmemaic- were all planets including the sun orbit the earth, was false. And the Copernician system- were all planets orbit the sun was true. Even though it received the churchs imprimaur it was later banned shortly after its publication. Galileo was summoned to Rome to answer to his inquisition to stand trial for heresy, the charge was did he defy the paper-ban of teaching the Copernician system. After a five-month trial he was found guilty and was sentenced to house arrest for the remainder of his life. As time went on, his popularity grew and noted figures such as John Milton went out of their way to visit him shortly before his death. Galileo worked solo on his

Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus, Roman Statesman

Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus (c. 519–430  BCE) was a farmer, statesman, and military leader who lived in early Rome. He considered himself a farmer above all, but when he was called to serve his country he did so well, efficiently, and without question, even though a prolonged absence from his farm could mean starvation for his family. When he served his country, he made his stint as dictator as brief as possible. For his faithful service, he became a model of Roman virtue. Fast Facts: Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus Known For: Cincinnatus was a Roman statesman who served as the kingdoms dictator during at least one time of crisis; he later became a model of Roman virtue and public service.Also Known As: Lucius Quintius CincinnatusBorn: c. 519 BCE in the Kingdom of RomeDied: c. 430 BCE in the Roman RepublicSpouse: RacillaChildren: Caeso Early Life Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus was born around 519 BCE in Rome. At the time, Rome was still a small kingdom made up of the city and its surrounding territory. Lucius was a member of the Quinctia, a patrician family that produced numerous state officials. Lucius was given the name Cincinnatus, meaning the curly-haired. Historians believe that Cincinnatuss family was wealthy; however, little else is known about his family or his early life. Consul By 462 BCE, the Roman kingdom was in trouble. Conflicts had escalated between the wealthy, powerful patricians and the lesser plebeians, who were fighting for constitutional reforms that would have placed limits on patrician authority. Dissension between these two groups eventually turned violent, weakening Roman power in the region. According to legend, Cincinnatuss son Caeso was one of the most violent offenders in the struggle between the patricians and the plebeians. To prevent the plebeians from assembling in the Roman Forum, Caeso would apparently organize gangs to push them out. Caesos activities eventually led to charges being brought against him. Rather than face justice, however, he fled to Tuscany. In 460 BCE, the Roman consul Publius Valerius Poplicola was killed by rebel plebeians. Cincinnatus was called in to take his place; in this new position, however, he apparently had only moderate success in quelling the rebellion. He eventually stepped down and returned to his farm. At the same time, the Romans were at war with the Aequi, an Italic tribe about whom historians know very little. After losing several battles, the Aequi managed to trick and trap the Romans. A few Roman horsemen then escaped to Rome to warn the Senate of their armys plight. Dictator Cincinnatus was apparently plowing his field  when he learned he had been appointed dictator, a position the Romans had created strictly for emergencies, for six months. He was asked to help defend the Romans against the neighboring Aequi, who had surrounded the Roman army and the consul Minucius in the Alban Hills. A group of Senators was sent to bring Cincinnatus the news. He accepted the appointment and dressed in his white toga before traveling to Rome, where he was given several bodyguards for protection. Cincinnatus quickly organized an army, calling together all the Roman men who were old enough to serve. He commanded them against the Aequi at the Battle of Mount Algidus, which took place in the region of Latium. Although the Romans were expected to lose, they quickly defeated the Aequi under the leadership of Cincinnatus and his Master of the Horse, Lucius Tarquitius. Cincinnatus made the defeated Aequi pass under a yoke of spears to show their subjugation. He took the Aequi leaders as prisoners and brought them to Rome for punishment. After this great victory, Cincinnatus gave up the title of dictator 16 days after it had been granted and promptly returned to his farm.​ His faithful service and lack of ambition made him a hero in the eyes of his countrymen. According to some accounts, Cincinnatus was appointed dictator again for a later Roman crisis in the wake of a grain distribution scandal. This time, a plebeian named Spurius Maelius was allegedly planning to bribe the poor as part of a plot to make himself king. There was a famine going at the time but Maelius, who was in possession of a large store of wheat, was allegedly selling it to other plebeians at a low price to curry favor with them. This worried the Roman patricians, who feared he had ulterior motives for his generosity. Once again, Cincinnatus—now 80 years old, according to Livy— was appointed dictator. He made Gaius Servilius Structus Ahala his Master of the Horse. Cincinnatus issued orders for Maelius to appear before him but Maelius fled. During the ensuing manhunt, Ahala ended up killing Maelius. A hero again, Cincinnatus resigned his post after 21 days. Death There is little information about Cincinnatuss life after his second term as dictator. He is reported to have died around 430 BCE. Legacy The life and accomplishments of Cincinnatus—whether true or merely legendary—were an important part of early Roman history. The farmer-turned-dictator became a model of Roman virtue; he was celebrated by later Romans for his loyalty and brave service. Unlike some other Roman leaders, who plotted and schemed to build their own power and wealth, Cincinnatus did not exploit his authority. After he had performed the duties required of him, he swiftly resigned and returned to his quiet life in the country. Cincinnatus is the subject of several notable artworks, including Riberas Cincinnatus Leaves the Plough to Dictate Laws to Rome. Many places are named in his honor, including Cincinnatti, Ohio, and Cincinnatus, New York. A statue of the Roman leader stands in Tuileries Garden in France. Sources Hillyard, Michael J.  Cincinnatus and the Citizen-Servant Ideal: the Roman Legends Life, Times, and Legacy. Xlibris, 2001.Livy.  Rome and Italy: the History of Rome from Its Foundation. Edited by R. M. Ogilvie, Penguin, 2004.Neel, Jaclyn.  Early Rome: Myth and Society. John Wiley Sons, Inc., 2017.